Stereoscope.



' QXHTMQ e I $3 1 111/9 attom'au o No. 849,747. PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

' G. L. PAPPENHAGEN.

STEREOSGOPE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.15, 1905 2 SHBETSSHEET.1.

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N0. 849,747. PATBNTED APR. 9, 1907.

G. L. PAPPENHAGEN.

STEREOSGOPE. APPLICATION FILED PEB.15. 1905,

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5 ford county, Pennsylvania, have invented w scopes, its particular features being more 1 5 have overcome the difficulties hitherto met 3 nated by like numbers of reference in the 35 by the scope of the claims.

4 of the stereoscope being removed.

45 view-holder with its central portion broken for retaining the pads on the wings.

TINTTE STATES PATENT OEETCE.

CHARLES L. PAPPENHAGEN, OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR,

BY MESN E ASSIGNMENTS, TO KEYSTONE VIEW OOMPAN Y, A CORPORA- TION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

STEREOSCOPE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 9, 1907.

T0 ctZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. PAPPEN- HAGEN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Meadville, Craweertain new and useful Improvements in Stereoscopes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates generally to stereospecifically set forth in the following description and claims.

I have in this invention produced a new septum of metal, preferably aluminium, and I in properly forming such a septum and securing it to the other constituent parts of the stereoscope, particularly the shaft and lens-frame.

I have further improved upon the lensframe shown and claimed more broadly in my Patent No. 756,692, of April 5, 1904., and have also improved upon prior viewholders and their clamps.

Further objects will appear as the speciii cation proceeds.

For the purpose of illustration I have shown my invention in the accompanying sheet of drawings, like parts being desigseveral figures thereof. My invention, however, is not limited to the specific arrangement or construction or union of parts there shown and hereinafter described, but only In these drawings, Figure 1 is a side ele vation of a stereoseope employing my inven tion, with 'parts broken away. Fig. 2 is a bottom view of my novel septum, the shaft Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing my novel method of securing the lenses in position. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the away in such manner as to disclose my novel clamp. Fig. 6 is a detail view showing the bridge. Fig. 7 is likewise a detail view showing the wings provided with slots and spurs Fig. 8 is a front elevation showing the lens-frame with pockets. Fig. 9 is a detail view show- 1 ing the method of securing the spring plate or member 26 in the pocket 23. Fig. 10 is a cross-section view on line to a; of Fig. 1.

\Vhile many of the other parts of the stereoscope have been successfully made of aluminium or other metal, I am not aware that the septum or view-holder has yet been so made. I have preferred to make these constituent members of the stereoscope of one piece of suitable material, such as aluminium or tin, although they of course could be made of any number of parts properly joined without departing from the spirit of my invention.

In the drawings, 1 indicates the lensframe of the stereoscope, about which is fastened the hood 2 in any approved manner.

3 is the shaft enveloped by an upper plate 4 and a lower plate 5, properly joined at their edges. The upper shaft-plate fits snugly against the lens-frame, while the lower shaftplate is joined to the hood by a transverse seam 6 at the lower portion of its surrounding edge.

7 is the metal septum having the side faces 8 and 9. At the bottom the faces are provided with flanges 10 and 11, formed to overlap each other, as best seen in Fig. 2. At the rear edge in like manner I provide flanges 12 and 13. Suitablefastening means are provided to act with the flanges to secure the septum at its bottom and rear with the shaft and lens frame, respectively. Either the flanges at the bottom or the flanges at the rear may manifestly be omitted and sufficient rigidity of the septum still provided by the remaining flanges and the fastening means connecting therewith.

The flanges may be variously secured to the lens frame or shaft. For instance, I can have the apertures I l and 15 in the bottom flanges and 16 in the rear flanges, and since there is a double thickness of metal I am able to thread them to receive the screw joining them to their proper parts. Indeed, I "find that the screwitself will, in going though this double thickness of metal, form its own thread sufficiently to hold securely. 17 indicates the screws joining the bottom flanges to the shaft, while the screw 18 oins the rear flanges with the lens-frame.

The side faces of the septum should. be

held securely together and an attractive appearance given to the forward end of the septum. I have therefore flanged the forward edges of the septum, as at 19, and over this I fit the member 20 as a strip of metal flanged 'j thereof to engage with the plush and to hold I l i at its side edges 21 to engage with the for- 1 ward flanged edges of the side faces of the the fingersthat is, the faces of this bindingto fit over the lapped bottom flanges of the septum and flanged at its bottom, as at 22,

side faces. This secures the parts firmly together and by properly forming the member 1 2O enhances the attractive appearance of the septum.

The lens-frame 1 I provide with a rear- 1 Wardly eXtendmg recess forming a single 3 pocket 23, having its rear face 24 flush. the side walls of this recessed portion I provide openings 25. positioned in this pocket 23 and are secured in position by the member 26, having a forwardly-extending bridge 27 in its central por- The lenses are properly f tion and having the portions 28 adapted to engage in the openings in the side walls of the pocket to hold the spring-plate securely in position. At the base of this bridge I form the rearwardly-indented portions 29, which preferably are indented sufficiently to contact with the rear face of the pocket, so as to hold the lenses against lateral. displacement.

My view-holder I form out of a strip of ,j

sheet material having its ends 30 flanged and bent first inwardly and then outwardly, as best shown in Fig. 5. In the bent portion of these ends I form the slots 31, which are adapted to receive the edges of the picture to retain the latter in its proper position. At the base of these slots I form out of the flanged ends of the view-holder the pockets 32, which taper downwardly and are adapted to guide the picture to its proper position. The view-holder is preferably so formed as to provide tubular beads along its edges, which enhance the attractive appearance of this member as well as give it .increased rigidity.

Properly secured to the view-holder is my spring-clamp, which consists of the bridge 33, bent downwardly in such manner that the shaft enveloped by the plates 4 and 5 may be received and the clamp and view-holder thrust forward or backward along the same for focusing the picture in the well-known manner. Extending at right angles to this bridge are wings 34, preferably formed of an elastic non-abrasive substance, such as hard rubber, celluloid, or papier mach. These wings may of course be formed of spring metal, and if so formed are preferably provided with pads of non-abrasive material,

such as plush, secured to their tips and contacting with the under side of the plate 0 when the view-holder is manipulated for fo it securely. To join the wings and bridge, I form slots 36 and 37in their central portions, and through these slots I bend a strip of metal 38 in such manner that the bridge and wings are oined rigidly together and the faces of the strip presented to the thrust of strip extend at right angles to the long aXis of the shaft.

What I claim is 1. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having overlapping flanges at their bottom, and fastening means adapted to act with said flanges to secure the septum to the shaft.

2. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having overlapping flanges at their rear, and fastening means adapted to act with said flanges to secure the septum to the lens-frame.

3. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having overlapping flanges at their bottom and rear, and fastening means adapted to act with the flanges to secure the septum to the shaft and lensframe.

4. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having overlapping flanges at their bottom and rear, the flanges being provided with apertures, and fastening means adapted to engage with said apertures to secure the septum to the shaft and lens frame.

5. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having overlapping flanges at their bottom and rear, the flanges being provided with threaded apertures and screws adapted to engage therewith to secure the septum 'to the shaft and lens-frame.

6. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having at their bottom overlapping flanges, fastening means adapted to act with said flanges to' secure the septum to the shaft, the said side faces being flanged at their forward edges, and a member adapted to engage with the forward flanged edges of the side faces to hold them securely in position.

7. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having at their bottom overlapping flanges, fastening means adapted to act with said flanges to secure the septum to the shaft, the said faces being flanged at their forward edges, and a strip of metal flanged at its sides and bottom to engage with the flanges of the forward edges of the side faces and to fit over the overlapping bottom flanges of the latter.

8. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having overlapping flanges at their rear and bottom,fastening means adapted to act with the flanges to secure the septum to the shaft and lens-frame, said side faces being flanged at their forward edges, and a member adapted to engage with the forward flanged edges of the side faces to hold them in position.

9. In a stereoscope, the combination with 3 a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum 1 consisting of side faces having overlapping 1 flanges at their rear and bottom, fastening means adapted to act with the flanges to secure the septum to the shaft and lensframe, said side faces being flanged at their forward edges, and a strip of metal flanged at its sides and bottom to engage with the flanges of the forward edges of the side faces and to fit over the overlapping bottom flanges of the latter.

10. In a stereoscope, the combination with a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having overlapping flanges at their bottom and rear, the flanges i being provided with apertures, fastening means adapted to engage with said. apertures to secure the septum to the shaft and lensframe, the side faces being flanged at their forward edges, and a member adapted to engage with the forward flanged edges of the side faces to hold them in position.

11. In a stereoscope, the combination with i a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum consisting of side faces having overlapping flanges at their bottom and rear, the flanges being provided with apertures, screws adapt ed to engage with said apertures to secure the septum to the shaft and lens-frame, the side faces being flanged at their forward edges, and a member adapted to engage 'ith the forward flanged edges of the side faces to hold them in position.

12. In a stereoscope, the combination. with 1 a shaft and lens-frame, of a metallic septum 1 consisting of side faces having overlapping l flanges at their rear and bottom, the flanges being provided with apertures, screws adapted to engage with said apertures to secure the septum to the shaft and lens-frame, the side 1 faces being flanged at their forward edges, l and a strip of metal flanged at its sides and bottom to engage with the flanged forward edges of the side faces and to i it over the overlapping bottom flanges of the latter.

13. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a recessed portion extending rearwardly and 3 having a flush lens-engaging face, a member 1 conforming to the angles of the lenses having 1 a forwardly-extending bridge and a rearwardly-indented portion at the base of said bridge serving to properly space the ienses, and. means for securing the member to the recessed portion of the lens-frame.

14. As a constituent member of a stereoscope, a view-holder composed of a strip of sheet material having its edges formed into tubular beads and its ends flanged and bent in a curved form first inwardly and then outwardly, the said bent portion being provided with a slot adapted to receive the edges of the picture, and a pocket formed out of the flanged ends and at the base of said slot adapted to guide the picture to its proper position.

15. As a constituent member of a stereoscope, a view-holder composed of a strip of sheet material having its ends flanged and then bent inwardly and then outwardly in a curved form, said bent portion being provided with a slot adapted to receive the edges of the picture to retain the same in proper position, and pockets formed in the flanged end at the base of said slot and tapered downwardly adapted to guide the picture to its proper position.

16. As a constituent member of a stereoscope, a view-holder composed of a strip of sheet material having its end flanged and bent inwardly and then outwardly in a curved formation and provided in its curved portion with a slot adapted to receive the edges of the picture to hold the same in proper position, and a pocket formed in the flanged end and at the base of said slot adapt- 1 ed to guide the picture to its proper position.

17. in a stereoscope, a clamp comprising a bridge adapted to receive the shaft, wings extending at right angles to said bridge, said bridge and wings being slotted in their central portion, a strip of material passing through said slots adapted to bind together the wings and the bridge.

18. In a stereoscope, a clamp comprising a bridge adapted to receive the shaft, wings extending at right angles to said bridge, said bridge and wings being provided with slots in their central portion, and a strip of material bent tl'irough said slots and having its sides presented at right angles to the long axis of the shaft, said strip being adapted to bind together the bridge and the wings and to serve as a finger-tlunst for the said. clamp.

19. In a stereoscope, a spring-clamp coml prised of a bridge adapted to receive the shaft, wings extending at right angles to said bridge and having their tips provided with pads to bear against the shaft, spurs formed in said tips adapted to hold said pads in posi tion, said bridge and wings being provided with slots in their central portion, a strip of material adapted to be bent through said slots to bind together the bridge and wings.

20. In a stereoscope, a clamp comprised of a bridge adapted to receive the shaft, Wings 1 angles to the long axis of the shaft and adapt- Io extending at right angles to said bridge and having their tips provided with pads, spurs adapted to retain said pads in position, said bridge and Wings being provided With slots in I their central portion, a strip of metal adapted to be bent through said slots to bind together the bridge and Wings, and having downwardly-extending faces extending at right ed to serve as a fingerthrust.

Signed at Meadville, Pennsylvania, this 31st day of January, 1905.

CHARLES L. PAPPENHAGEN.

Witnesses:

K. M. SHUsTER, L. A. LEBERMAN. 

